freenas 9 安装教程分享
1.FreeNAS 是基于 FreeBSD 的http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241224482962.http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241225064533.http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241225187814. 操作系统版本选择“FreeBSD“因为我下载的 FreeNAS 的版本是 32 位的，所以这里选择 “FreeBSD”。如果你下载的 FreeNAS 的版本是 64 位的，要选择 "FreeBSD 64位"。http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241225289215.http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241225461566.选择处理器http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241228565157. 内存配置为 1G 就够用了http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241229066718.http://img.blog.csdn.net/201311241229387969.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412295284310. 虚拟磁盘类型-->SCSI(S)http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412300375011.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412304032812. 磁盘大小设置为 10G 就够用了，因为这块盘上仅安装 FreeNAS 系统，不需要太大空间。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412305101513.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412314473414. 点击“自定义硬件”http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412315556215. 删除不必要的设备，如 USB 控制器、声卡。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412320848416. 点击“关闭”http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412330629617. 点击“完成”http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412333376518. 点击 “编辑虚拟机设置”，添加用于存储数据的硬盘。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412340334319. 点击 "添加"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412345195320. 点击 "硬盘" --> 点击 "下一步"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412352009321. 选择 "SCSI(S)" --> 点击 "下一步"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412355157822.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412362839023. 磁盘容量设置为 100Ghttp://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412364393724. 点击 "完成"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412370951525. 重复 19-24 的步骤，再添加 3 块同样的磁盘，添加完成后入下图所示。http://img.blog.csdn.net/20131124123733546二、安装 FreeNAS26.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412384064027.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412390021828. 选择大小为 10G 的硬盘http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412392414029. 选择 "Yes"，键入回车确认。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412400545330.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412404851531.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412410970332.http://img.blog.csdn.net/20131124124209578三、配置 FreeNAS33.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412422301534.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412425018735.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412430289036.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412431487537.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412432765638. 确认 FreeNAS 可以和宿主机通信http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412434123439. 在浏览器地址栏中输入 http://192.168.147.111，通过 WEB 页面管理 FreeNAS。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412441467140. 右上角 Alert 图标有告警，点击查看，提示你修改 admin 用户密码。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412450523441.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412455859342. 修改 admin 用户密码http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112412461520343. 密码修改成功http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112414571481244.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112414581395345. 添加卷卷类型说明：[*]Stripe: 至少需要一个磁盘
[*]Mirror: 至少需要两个磁盘
[*]RAIDZ1: 至少需要三个磁盘
[*]RAIDZ2: 至少需要四个磁盘
[*]RAIDZ3: 至少需要五个磁盘
[*]log device: 至少需要一个专用设备，建议使用快速，低延迟，电源保护的SSD
[*]cache device: 至少需要一个专用设备，建议使用SSD
在添加卷按钮警告说， 现有的数据将被清除。换句话说，创建新卷将重新格式化选定的磁盘。如果要保留现有数据，请单击“ 取消”按钮并参考 导入磁盘和导入卷来查看是否支持现有格式。如果是，请执行该操作。如果当前存储格式不受支持，则需要将数据备份到外部介质，格式化磁盘，然后将数据恢复到新卷。
4 块硬盘，用 RaidZ2 方式。http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112414583289046.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112414593523447.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415000693748. 开启 iSCSI 服务http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415002223449.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415005262550. 12 ≤ 密码长度 ≤ 16http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415011804651.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415014187552.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415032687553.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415034457854.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415040193755.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415041485956.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415042634357.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415043946858.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415045695359.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415051214060.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415053100061.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415054709362.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415060612563.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415062371864.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415064348465.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415070554666.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415073195367.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415074815668.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415081021869. 在 iSCSI 属性中开启 CHAP 验证，选择组1。http://img.blog.csdn.net/20131124150828234三、Winodws 客户端配置这里以 Winodws 7 为例70.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415091851571. 点击 "发现门户"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415100353172.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415102992173.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415104525074.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415110420375.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415112375076. 点击 "连接"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415114570377. 点击 "高级"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415121651578.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415124403179.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415125875080.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415131481281.http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415134790682. 点击 "取消"http://img.blog.csdn.net/2013112415140175083. 可以看到 iSCSI 磁盘了http://img.blog.csdn.net/20131124151429875二、linux客户端连接iscsi共享存储linux访问iscsi详细操作#安装配置 iscsi-initiator
[*]# yum -y install iscsi-initiator-utils
[*]# service iscsid start
#连接到iscsi共享存储
[*]# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.1.230
[*]192.168.1.230:3260,1 iqn.2011-03.org.example.istgt:iscsiwin8
[*]192.168.1.230:3260,1 iqn.2011-03.org.example.istgt:iscsilinux
#登录到iscsi共享存储
[*]# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.2011-03.org.example.istgt:iscsilinux -p 192.168.1.230:3260 -l
[*]Logging in to (multiple)
[*]Login to successful.
#查看磁盘信息，可以看到多出一块硬盘设备。https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0x000a43f1 Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem/dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83Linux/dev/sda2 1026048 419430399 209202176 8eLinux LVMDisk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 205.8 GB, 205759971328 bytes, 401874944 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8455 MB, 8455716864 bytes, 16515072 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 byteshttps://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#对设备进行格式化https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# fdisk /dev/sdbWelcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.Be careful before using the write command.Device does not contain a recognized partition tableBuilding a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xd96b07f4.Command (m for help): nPartition type: p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free) e extendedSelect (default p): pPartition number (1-4, default 1): First sector (2048-209715199, default 2048): Using default value 2048Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-209715199, default 209715199): Using default value 209715199Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 100 GiB is setCommand (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.# partprobeWarning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system)./dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system)./dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.Warning: Unable to open /dev/sr0 read-write (Read-only file system)./dev/sr0 has been opened read-only.https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#格式化完成检查https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# fdisk -lDisk /dev/sda: 214.7 GB, 214748364800 bytes, 419430400 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0x000a43f1 Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem/dev/sda1 * 2048 1026047 512000 83Linux/dev/sda2 1026048 419430399 209202176 8eLinux LVMDisk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 205.8 GB, 205759971328 bytes, 401874944 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 8455 MB, 8455716864 bytes, 16515072 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytesDisk /dev/sdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes, 209715200 sectorsUnits = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytesSector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytesI/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 1048576 bytesDisk label type: dosDisk identifier: 0xd96b07f4 Device Boot Start End Blocks IdSystem/dev/sdb1 2048 209715199 104856576 83Linuxhttps://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#指定分区格式https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb1mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)Filesystem label=OS type: LinuxBlock size=4096 (log=2)Fragment size=4096 (log=2)Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=256 blocks6553600 inodes, 26214144 blocks1310707 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block=0Maximum filesystem blocks=2174746624800 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group8192 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#挂载并写入文件https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# mkdir /data/iscsi# mount -t ext4 /dev/sdb1 /data/iscsi/
# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 192G 1.4G 191G 1% /
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 8.7M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 497M 108M 390M 22% /boot
tmpfs 797M 0 797M 0% /run/user/0
/dev/sdb1 99G 61M 94G 1% /data/iscsihttps://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#设置开机自动挂载
echo "/dev/sdb1 /data/iscsi/ ext4 defaults 0 0">> /etc/fstab
#检查https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# cat /etc/fstab ## /etc/fstab# Created by anaconda on Fri Nov 10 19:40:13 2017## Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info#/dev/mapper/centos-root / xfs defaults 0 0UUID=115aec57-6962-443e-9878-943f3e207a84 /boot xfs defaults 0 0/dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0/dev/sdb1 /data/iscsi/ ext4 defaults 0 0https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#查看并创建文件https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# df -hFilesystem SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/centos-root192G1.4G191G 1% /devtmpfs 3.9G 03.9G 0% /devtmpfs 3.9G 03.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 3.9G8.6M3.9G 1% /runtmpfs 3.9G 03.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 497M108M390M22% /boottmpfs 797M 0797M 0% /run/user/0/dev/sdb1 99G 61M 94G 1% /data/iscsi
# cd /data/iscsi/# touch test2# lltotal 16drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Nov 22 11:30 lost+found-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Nov 22 11:59 test2https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
#卸载挂载的分区https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
# umount /dev/sdb1# df -hFilesystem SizeUsed Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/centos-root192G1.4G191G 1% /devtmpfs 3.9G 03.9G 0% /devtmpfs 3.9G 03.9G 0% /dev/shmtmpfs 3.9G8.6M3.9G 1% /runtmpfs 3.9G 03.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 497M108M390M22% /boottmpfs 797M 0797M 0% /run/user/0https://common.cnblogs.com/images/copycode.gif
FreeNas11.04 配置iscsi1、全局配置https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222041132-1432391545.png 2、采用不认证的方式https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222108382-1272380152.png 3、配置后的效果https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222137148-2101686919.png4、配置认证网络https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222209226-904325882.png5、ALL 或192.168.1.1/24 (某一网段)https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222250804-2010619180.png6、配置共享账号https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222358835-633610075.png配置共享账号效果如下：https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222440195-757765865.png7、配置Targent不认证方式访问https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222541492-1755349666.pnghttps://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222647679-737311635.png8、配置共享目录名称，位置，大小，硬盘RPM.https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222725679-1926923045.png9、Extents配置完成效果图https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229222909413-1322513167.png10、设置Associated Targetshttps://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229223228648-731656665.png11、点发现（Discovery）---->Discover Portal:输入IP和端口号--->ok。（其它地方直接用默认设置，即可）https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229223241898-2062317704.png12、Targets(查看连接状态）https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229223418882-1062359045.png13、点磁盘管理，会弹出（检测到了新硬盘），指定GPT格式，再分区格式化，即可使用。、https://images2017.cnblogs.com/blog/1053682/201712/1053682-20171229223521804-1467322625.png如果之前挂载过相同的iscsi磁盘，再挂载时会报错，只需点再Rescan Disks即可，修复。
14、linux下Targets连接方法
#注意他们的端口号是不一样的(备注：默认3260时，可以不指定端口号 )
# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.1.140
#如果改了端口号，在后面要指定端口号
# iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p 192.168.1.140:3261
192.168.1.140:3261,2 iqn.gitlab.11.0
15、登录到共享存储（备注：这里测试登录不同端口的共享盘）
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.gitlab.11.0 -p 192.168.1.140:3261 -l
Logging in to (multiple)
Login to successful.
16、卸载iscsi
# iscsiadm -m node -T iqn.netcloud.11.0 -u
Logging out of session
Logout of successful.
17、实现iscsi自动挂载磁盘
[*]Fedora25设置开机自动挂载
#配置iscsi自动发现
cat /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi
InitiatorName=iqn.netcloud.11.0#重新启动服务
systemctl restart iscsid
systemctl status iscsid
systemctl enable iscsid#设置开机自动挂载
# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#!/bin/sh
#mount iscsi disk 5TB
sleep 10
mount -t xfs /dev/sda /data#授权
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local#添加服务
# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/rc-local.service# This file is part of systemd.
#
# systemd is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
# under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.# This unit gets pulled automatically into multi-user.target by
# systemd-rc-local-generator if /etc/rc.d/rc.local is executable.
Description=/etc/rc.d/rc.local Compatibility
ConditionFileIsExecutable=/etc/rc.d/rc.local
After=network.target
Type=forking
ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/rc.local start
TimeoutSec=0
RemainAfterExit=yes
GuessMainPID=no#添加下面两行代码，实现rc-local作为服务启动
WantedBy=multi-user.target#启动服务systemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl start rc-local.service （备注：去掉这行）
systemctl enable rc-local.service
参考：http://blog.csdn.net/u013372441/article/details/77414471
18、挂载分区5T分区fdisk /dev/sdag #大于5tb再回车分区到完成partprobe mkfs.xfs -f /dev/sda
mount -t xfs /dev/sda /data/
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